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Home Cultivation

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Home/Health and Wellness/Alcohol and Drugs/Cannabis

Hand holding unpotted cannabis plant with multiple plants in background

The Ontario Cannabis Legislation allows for individuals to cultivate up to four legal cannabis plants per residence (not per individual in the residence) anywhere on their property. It does however contain a general prohibition on cultivation for anyone under 19. 

Seeds can be purchased legally from an Ontario Cannabis Store.

Thinking about growing your own cannabis at home?

In order to grow cannabis responsibly at home there are some health and safety considerations to be aware of:

  • Relevant legislation such as building and fire codes as well as the Residential Tenancies Act
  • Access and unintended poisoning
  • Indoor air quality
  • Use of pesticides and other products
  • Electrical and fire hazards, and
  • Exposure to UV light
Odours from cannabis production

Odours from cannabis plants come from the volatile organic compounds found in the resin which forms on cannabis flowers (terpenes and terpenoids). Therefore, odours may be stronger when the plants are flowering and during cannabis drying, curing and processing as the oils are activated. Not all cannabinoids produce an odour, some are odourless.

Odours in the home

There are no known health effects of exposure to odours associated with indoor home cannabis cultivation. However, odours can impact well-being for some individuals by being an annoyance or nuisance.

Odours from production facilities

Large-scale commercial and medical production facilities use a combination of engineering controls to reduce the smell to undetectable levels outside of the facility.

Licensed cannabis growing facilities are inspected by Health Canada. If you have a complaint about a facility in your neighbourhood contact Health Canada. All licensed producers are inspected by Health Canada.

Mould in the home 

Indoor cannabis cultivation can potentially increase the levels of humidity in the home. Humidity levels in the home should be controlled to prevent problems with indoor moisture build-up and to curb mould growth.

Testing

Region of Waterloo Public Health and Emergency Services does not provide mould testing in private or public places. To arrange for testing, please contact a private environmental air quality company.

Mould complaints

Municipal by law enforcement / property standards responds to mould complaints in residential rental units. Please call the city by law department where you live and they will be able to respond accordingly.  

 Fire and electrical hazards 
 There are potential fire and electrical hazards associated with unsafe cannabis home cultivation and processing such as:
  • Using equipment that is incorrect or in poor condition
  • Using high wattage grow lamps
  • Making changes to your homes wiring/breakers
  • Use of fertilizers
  • Use of compressed gas such as CO2 to increase plant growth and/or yield
  • Processing cannabis at home to produce concentrates (e.g. hash oil) using solvents such as butane, acetone or toluene

To reduce your risk from these potential fire and electrical hazards:

  • Choose not to grow your own cannabis at home and purchase at a licensed retail outlet 
  • Follow all relevant legislation including building fire codes and Residential Tenancies Act
  • Use lower risk equipment such as LED lighting systems versus high wattage, heat emitting lamps
  • Do not process cannabis concentrates at home.
  • If you choose to process cannabis concentrates at home, reduce the risk of an explosion by using non-organic solvent processes (e.g. ice water extraction)

To report a potential fire hazard related to cannabis home cultivation and processing contact your local fire department.

Additional resources 

  • Growing at Home
  • Odours from Cannabis Production
  • Reduce humidity, moisture and mould
  • Safety and Security Considerations

Related pages

  • Unintentional Cannabis Poisoning in Children
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